Welcome to today's quick dive into the world of C++ types! You might think of C++ types as just integers or floats, but there’s actually a fascinating hierarchy behind the scenes.

Let’s start simple—integer types. There are five standard signed integers like `int`, `short`, `long`, plus extended types like GCC’s `__int128`. Corresponding to these are unsigned versions, such as `unsigned int` or `unsigned long long`. All these fall under what we call *signed* and *unsigned integer types*. Add in `bool` and character types like `char` and `wchar_t`, and you’ve got the core *integral types*.

Moving on, floating-point types are straightforward—`float`, `double`, and `long double`. They’re all signed and form the *floating-point* category.

Combine these, and you get *arithmetic types*, with `void` and `nullptr_t` thrown in to make up the *fundamental types*. Interestingly, terms like "basic" or "built-in" types are used informally, but they don’t have official definitions.

Beyond these basics, there are *compound types*, which include arrays, pointers, and classes—more complex structures. So, C++ types form a rich, organized tree—fascinating, isn’t it? Thanks for tuning in!